The types of failures identified
1. Delayed or Missed Diagnoses
Some patients experienced delays in diagnosing breast cancer, or had cancers missed altogether. Delays in diagnosis can be particularly serious, as breast cancer may progress to a more advanced stage, reducing treatment options and survival rates.
2. Unnecessary or Excessive Surgery
Investigations found cases where patients:
- Underwent mastectomies that may not have been necessary
- Had lymph nodes removed without clinical justification
These procedures can have lifelong physical and psychological consequences.
3. Failure to Provide Appropriate Treatment
There have also been reports of:
- Chemotherapy not being offered when clinically indicated
- Inadequate or inappropriate treatment planning
4. Systemic and Organisational Failings
The problems were not isolated incidents. Contributing factors reportedly included:
- Staff shortages and underinvestment
- Poor response to concerns raised by clinicians
- Outdated clinical practices and weak governance systems
In some cases, police have even assessed whether criminal offences may have occurred.